Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21)
The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21) is a widely used self-report instrument designed to measure the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety, and stress. This scientifically validated tool consists of 21 questions that help assess the severity of these core symptoms.
Last Updated: 4 February, 2025
- Length: 5 minutes
- Questions: 21 questions
What Does It Measure?
Depression Scale
Evaluates symptoms of low mood, including loss of pleasure in activities, feelings of worthlessness, difficulty finding motivation, and persistent sadness. It also measures changes in sleep patterns, appetite, and ability to concentrate.
Anxiety Scale
Measures physical and emotional symptoms of anxiety, such as racing heart, sweating, trembling, and feeling scared or panicky. It also assesses situational anxiety and general feelings of worry or unease.
Stress Scale
Assesses general tension and stress responses, including difficulty winding down, tendency to overreact to situations, feeling agitated or restless, and trouble being patient. It also measures how easily you become frustrated or irritated.
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DASS21 Online Assessment
Frequently Asked Questions
The DASS21 is used to measure the three related states of depression, anxiety, and stress. It helps identify the severity of these emotional states and can be used to track changes over time or response to treatment.
The DASS21 has been extensively validated and shows good reliability across different populations. However, it should be used as a screening tool rather than a diagnostic instrument. A mental health professional should be consulted for proper diagnosis.
If you receive high scores on any of the scales, it's recommended to consult with a mental health professional. They can provide a proper assessment and recommend appropriate treatment options if needed.
How Scoring Works
The DASS21 uses a four-point severity scale to rate each state:
- Never = 0
- Sometimes = 1
- Often = 2
- Almost Always = 3
Scores for Depression, Anxiety and Stress are calculated by summing the scores for the relevant items and multiplying by 2. Each scale has its own severity ratings ranging from Normal to Extremely Severe.